Business Financial Terminology

Insolvency

Definition

Insolvency is a legal and financial condition in which a company cannot meet the relevant tests for paying its debts or the relationship between assets and liabilities.
Author:
Sorbus Finance
Reviewed by:
Arran Turner, 11 November 2026
Published:

How insolvency works

UK company insolvency analysis can involve inability to pay debts as they fall due and liabilities exceeding assets, taking account of the relevant legal rules. Directors must consider their duties and obtain professional advice when financial distress arises.

Practical UK business example

A company repeatedly cannot pay suppliers and tax when due. Its directors seek licensed insolvency advice instead of assuming a new loan will resolve the underlying position.

Illustrative example only; not a finance quotation or a client case study.

Why it matters

Recognising the warning signs early may preserve options and reduce the risk of decisions that prejudice creditors.

Limitations and common misconceptions

One late payment does not automatically establish every legal insolvency test, and accounting losses are not the only test. This is not a substitute for advice from a qualified insolvency practitioner or solicitor.

Discuss business borrowing to discuss how the structure relates to your business.

Further reading from Sorbus Finance

References

  1. Insolvency Service: options when a company is insolvent

This definition is general information for UK businesses, not personal advice. Lender criteria and product terms vary. Sorbus Finance is a broker, not a lender.

Related finance resources (1)
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